Professionalism in Nursing Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

Professionalism in Nursing - Coursework ExampleFrom this report it is clear thatclothing and conduct for students and practicing nurses were dictated potently by dress codes and strict disciplinary protocols developed by hospital administrators in charge of nurses. Here, personality traits whitethorn acquit had negligible chance to turn out from the starch white uni gets and pulled back hair preceptorned in a white cap. On the other hand, times have changed and most treat students today ar thrilled with the independence and career opportunities that have evolved for them at numerous levels, as well as those in go practice nurse. As the professional nursing arena expands and new roles develop, the professional nurse is expected to demonstrate revere for the faculty by continuing to don the traditional dress.This study declares thatthere should be awareness to nurses that appearance makes a lasting impression on patients, contemporaries, and the general public. Although dress and appearance alone cannot guarantee advantage in a nursing job, they can at the same time assure letdown.This is because patients do have their own expectations of a professional, including their personal preferences and generational influences. Since health care is a form of business, successful professionals must therefore attract a steady, growing patient population in order to survive. The professional nurse should therefore demonstrate respect for patients by developing relationships with them and projecting a positive public image that will help build a deep founded practice.... But these have fuck off loosely adhered to. As a result, one finds nurses simply abandoning their traditional trade mark white uniform and substituting it with scrub suits and colorful jackets. Since nursing is fair a professional practice, I will demonstrate respect to my peers by becoming more aware of how my appearance, behavior, and communication can influence the first impressions of others virtually me. I will therefore try to follow the dress code and the behavior expected of me as a professional nurse to the letter. FacultyIn the past, clothing and conduct for students and practicing nurses were dictated strongly by dress codes and strict disciplinary protocols developed by hospital administrators in charge of nurses (Jacob, 1999). Here, personality traits may have had negligible chance to emerge from the starch white uniforms and pulled back hair donned in a white cap. On the other hand, times have changed and most nursing students today are thrilled with the independence and career opportunities that have evolved for them at numerous levels, as well as those in advanced practice nursing. As the professional nursing arena expands and new roles develop, the professional nurse is expected to demonstrate respect for the faculty by continuing to don the traditional dress. This is essentially because the professional dress and appearance continue to be very important fa cets of the nursing image especially within the faculty (Jacob, 1999).PatientsAs it has already been established, there should be awareness to nurses that appearance makes a lasting impression on patients, contemporaries, and the general public. Although dress and appearance alone cannot guarantee success in a nursing job, they can at the same time assure letdown

America Between Dream and Reality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

the States Between Dream and Reality - Essay ExampleThe dream held that citizens had rights, including the right to life, the chase of happiness, and liberty. Such rights were believed to have come from God and were neither derived nor conferred by the state. The dream provided that every man was an air of dignity, legacy, and worth (Dyson, 2000). In reality, citizens have professed for great elected principles, but have failed in the practice of such principles. America is still challenged in achieving its dream more than ever because the nation is not permitted for an anemic democracy. The cost that America is obliged to pay for the perpetual oppression of minority groups, may lead to its own destruction. The existence of a dream is necessary to challenge America on the need to ensure justice, brotherhood, and love among the citizens. Martin Luther had declared his mission of saving Americas soul. He used protests and demonstrations in order to bring turn up redemptive measures that would heal America. His concerns were particularly revolving around issues of race.The picture chosen describes Martin Luther King Jr. during his famous talk I have a dream. The flair he was acting during his speech reinforced what he was saying as he had a very strong posture. You can see from Martin Luther Kings body speech that he was quiet and grounded as he conveyed his discourse. Despite the fact that you cant see his feet as hes talking, Id envisions him to be intensely planted to the ground, with a strong outfit that says, Here I am. Im not moving. Right away, you come to me. No one from the 200 000 people that were at the Washington rally could have stopped his speech or made put him off track if they tried because of how strongly determined he was during it.

Analyse how students at the University of Gloucestershire can take Essay

Analyse how students at the University of Gloucestershire can take full advantage of the opportunities offered to develop their employability skills - establish Examplegathered that expectation of employers has shifted from academic result and degree to employability skills such as squadwork, leadership, positive attitude and motivation and relative work experience (Snowden, 2011 Mason, Williams and Cranmer, 2006).The UK communication channel industry is evolving rapidly and drastic change has been observed in demand of skilled workforce in past few years. However, it was observed in surveys that UK universities atomic number 18 making very weak parcel in this regard. It was gathered that 50percent and above surveyed graduates alleged that their universities did not take sufficient measures to develop their employability skills (Weinstein, 2014). The UK universities make yearly contribution of 59 billion towards the economy and are essentially responsible for generating high ski lled workforce, imparting non-academic skills such as innovation and training and raising normal of education (Snowden, 2011).The paper assesses and critically examines the opportunities that are being presented to graduates by University of Gloucestershire for developing their employability skills and recommendations have been provided accordingly.Employability skills are referred to set of attributes that helps individuals to respond accurately to the changing environment of piece of work and to make positive contribution towards organisational success and personal growth and development. Employability skills deliver benefits to employers as well as employees and include skills such as self-management, accountability, time management, team working, consumer awareness and awareness of business environment, problem solving, positive attitude, entrepreneurship, communication skill and analytical skill (CBI, 2009 Mason, Williams and Cranmer, 2006).Employers make heavy investment in d eveloping skills among refreshing recruits by means of training and development post joining. However, the level of basic expectations has increased over the years. Presently, they want individuals to

Instruction set Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Instruction set - Essay ExampleThe task can be done by the car proprietor and the task is quite inexpensive. Steps Step1 Parts Required for Oil Change Figure1 Before changing the engines anoint, ensure that all the tools and equipments needed atomic number 18 at the spot. The most essential of these are the wrench along with a container to carry your old engine rock oil, an oil container that is full of un utilise oil and an oil pick up. Special care needs to be taken if the engine oil of a heated up engine is being changed. Step2 Oil Pan and drainage Plug Figure2 Before replacing the old engine oil with the new one, ensure that the cars bonnet is open and then you are necessary to unlock the cap of the oil filler which is located on the top side of your cars engine. This process will assist in devising the old oil drain simpler as it allows air to flow inside the crankcase drain. The drain plug is located on the bottom region of the pan that carries oil, disconnect the drain plug. Catching the oil may become quite difficult due to the angle at which it drains. To ensure that the oil does not ruin your garage or public property place a cloth or a newspaper on the floor just beneath your car oil pan. Step3 Unplugging the Drain Plug Figure3 Use the wrench to loosen the tightness of the drain plug by moving the wrench in counter-clockwise manner. Certain time the elope is quite tight which normally a rare incident is. If the bolt is quite tight, you might require an extension to open up the bolt. A subway segment is a good extension that may become quite handful in opening up the bolt. While removing the plug, one should even move back or substitute the old drain plug gasket with a new one. Ensure that the plug does not end up falling in the used oil container as relocating the plug from the re-used oil container might become quite a difficult task. If by mistake, the plug is dropped inside the pan, it can be move through the use of a magnet or you can even use a funnel while to drain the oil and take break through the plug come to the fore of the funnel. Step4 Filter Element or Funnel Figure4 In certain cars such as the BMW and the Mercedes the oil filter is not of spin on type, instead the oil filter is of filter element in nature. In these cases, you need to just unlock the reservoir which is built inside and take out the element from inside the reservoir. Step5 Oil Filter Assembly Figure5 The most difficult part of the entire oil changing process is locating the filter assembly. in that location is no standard location of the filter filter location varies form car to car. Certain filters are located on the right side of the engine, others on the left and certain are located on the bottom region. To correctly locate the filter, you should look for something similar to the shape of the new filter you have purchased. The routine you are able to locate the filter, simply remove it apart form your cars engine. Unplugging the f ilter can be a difficult task, incision by twisting the filter in a slow and steady manner to make the filter spin. If the filter is too tight to be removed(p) with bare hands, then you can use a filter wrench to extract the filter. The oil filter even contains ample amount of oil, so place of an oil container is highly advisable. While removing the filter, one has to ensure that the part of the filter which is recognized as rubber gasket is even removed otherwise the new filter would not fit properly and the oil will

Technology management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Technology management - Essay ExampleFurther, it enables following the guidelines which insure productivity and improved services and manufacturing processes (Hoyle, 2009).Employees in conglomerate organizations need to strictly stick to the rules of ISO 9000. They should apply these rules while performing individual tasks. Each process moldiness be conducted in accordance with the road subroutine defined by ISO 9000 body.Any manager or middle level manager who refuses to work on these principles must be shown provided awareness about its effectiveness, they must be warned that ISO governing body inspectors hold the right to take away the accreditation any time they feel the processes are not performed according to the specifications specified, and it can be done so by practically showing examples of industries and enterprises that have gained productivity and profit margins through its implementation. Large amount of organizations in the ambiance can be found who have implemented ISO 9000 standards in their organizations and have reaped the

Body soul destinction Essay Example for Free

Body soulfulness destinction EssayReligious philosophy fuck offer no unfaltering rise for a distinction between dead personify and soul. Discuss.Humans appear to puddle both a consistency and a mind, the body which is related to corporal movements and styles. And the mind which relates to feelings and emotions, qualia. Many philosophers therefore make a distinction between the mind and body, the dualist pot that a person is made of devil separate substances. On the other hand, some philosophers back away a monist/ materialist view that the mind and the body atomic number 18 the same substance. This is a contentious area of philosophy, and has created a debate known as the mind, body problem.Such philosophers as Plato take a dualist view and try to offer establish to suggest a distinction between the body and soul. Plato saw the body and soul as two separate entities. The soul that most closely resembles the divine and perennial. While the body resembles the human and mortal, which is endlessly changing and can be broken down. Plato was not hard to suggest the soul was perfect as it joined the body which it is inhibited by, however, he explains that by taking care of the soul the person can split knowledge. Plato used evidence such as the world of the forms. He suggested that by taking care of the soul and ignoring physical pleasures the soul can return to the raillery of the forms when the body dies. The evidence of Platos theory can be seen everyday.For the body to survive it must meet its basic needs such as food, reproduction and physical pleasure. On the other hand for the mind to be stimulated it has other needs that are met through deep thought and learning. However, there is a disfigurement to Platos theory, how can you have two completely different substances that are the same thing? Platos theory suggests the body and soul can work together to get a higher level of personifyence, but if the body and soul are completely differ ent there is no evidence to suggest they would be compatible. some other dualist, Aquinas took a more(prenominal) religious view of dualism. He believed that the body and soul were separate and described the soul as that which animates the body or anima. fit to Aquinas, the soul operates independently of the body. Aquinas believed the only things that are divisible into parts decay. The soul is not divisible and therefore on this basis of Aquinas wrinkle it is able to survive last. However, through the link with a particular human body the soul becomes an individual so even when the body dies the soul that departs has an immortal existence. Evidence for religious views on the soul come from the bible.Within the new testament, there are stories of Jesus resurrection that suggest dualism. Within virtuoso particular narrative Jesus disciples are walking to Emaus. Along the way they are joined by a man, it is only when they arrive at Emaus and offer the man a place to eat and stay that he reveals himself as Jesus. This supports the dualist view as firstly, it strains that the soul is immortal and lives on after devastation, and secondly that the soul is separate from the body as the man who claims to be Jesus appears to be unrecognisable implying he has a different physical appearance. For Christians this will act as firm evidence that there is a body soul distinction, however for those who are not Christian the evidence may not be so reliable.Cartesian wave-particle duality formed by Rene Descartes, describes the mind and body as being separates and is based on the phrase I think therefore I am. Descartes explained that feelings and sensations cannot be primed(p) physically. He accepted that everything non physical is in the mind and therefore must be distinct from the body. The mind accord to Descartes is non spatial and is distinct from material and sensible substances.He suggested that everything has characteristics and that the mind and bodys char acteristics are different therefore hey must be separate. For example a property of the mind may be consciousness, whereas the body has more aesthetic qualities such as height breadth etc. Descartes evidence is based on the assumption that we can live without the body. He concluded that the body has the job of performing physical activities however, it is the mind that contains our identity. For Descartes the mind is I, that we can live without the body as the mind makes us who we are. Descartes took the religious view that after our death the soul is able to continue and be with God. A mans soul is that to which the pure mental properties of a man belong. Richard Swinburne developed a dualist view based on the soul being indestructible and indivisible. Swinburne suggested that is a logical possibility for a person to exist after the body dies, as the soul lives on. The soul according to Swinburne is linked with mental processes and activity and its independent from the body. Eviden ce for Swinburnes theory comes from near death experiences.In many instances people have claimed to have had near death experiences whereby their hearts have stopped during surgery and yet they have reported detailed accounts of what happened during the time they were clinically dead. For some this is evidence for consciousness, however if the body and soul is one entity this would be impossible. This therefore implies that there is something that lives on when the physical body is dead, for dualists this would be the soul. On the other hand although the details of the experiences seem to be spotless there is no proof that the experiences may not be caused by another physical phenomena.On the other hand Dawkins, a biological materialist would discord with the opinion that the soul and the body are separate substances. Dawkins bases his theory on evolution and constituenttics. He would reject any concept of an eternal soul and therefore rejects dualism. Some of Dawkins work includ es the selfish gene and the blind watchmaker Within these he rejects any idea of the religious view of dualism and within the selfish gene he explains that humans are a lucky accident and that all life is opportunistic and humans are merely genetic mutations with the need to mindlessly replicate. Dawkins does not deny human dignity and accepts the complexity of human life to be able to contemplate the origins of human life.The evidence for Dawkins theory of biological philistinism is based on desoxyribonucleic acid. Dawkins explains DNA as a code of instructions that is made up of millions of strands of genetic information. Genes according to Dawkins program who a person is, and it is DNA that singly creates what a person looks like as well as their ad hominemity. For Dawkins both the mind and body are controlled by the DNA and therefore he suggests that there is no need for a soul. Although Dawkins theory is based on empirical evidence and it has been proved that certain genes decide certain parts of a persons characteristics there is yet no proof to suggest that genes make up the whole of a someones personality and therefore it could be seen that there may be something else, this may be the soul.John Hick has formed a view of religious materialism. He stated that humans are one composite being, one substance. His theory the replica theory he realised from a religious point of view the problem was continuity. In life after death how can someone be the same person without their body. Therefore Hick suggests that there must be some kind of replica.This replica is the same person however, whilst they cannot exist at the same time. According to Hick at the same time that when a person dies a replica of them is created by God. This is a way of preserving personal identity after death. The evidence for religious materialism is based on the resurrection of Jesus. Some accounts during the new testament describe Jesus after the resurrection and was recognised by f ollowers before ascension. From a religious view this is evidence for the replica theory as it appears that Jesus died and when he came back had the same physical appearance as well as the same personality.Identity theory gets forward a materialist view of the soul. Identity theory is against behaviourism and suggests that the mind and the brain are in the same place. In the brain, consciousness is generated as well as the other physical processes we link with the brain such as movement. Evidence for this is put foreward in the philosophy files. Within the book and analogy explains how if you were to look in the brain you would be able to locate an area that is stimulated and that thoughts must be generated in this area. We already know only 10% of the brains capacity is used consciously and therefore it is a logical assumption that our mind is located within the brain. An analogy for this is that a woman can be a mother, a daughter and a sister etc. The same person can have many f unctions, it is therefore the same for the brain which as well as having the functions we already recognise such as compulsive physical activity, speaking and controlling bodily functions it can also control the mind.Overall, although religious philosophy offers an explanation for the body soul distinction it is based on little empirical evidence. For those who already follow the religion it may fit in with their beliefs however, for those who are atheist of follow another religion the evidence that it uses makes little logical sense. Such dualists views as Plato where the assumptions are based on everyday life may be more appropriate, however there is still little empirical evidence to prove the theory. On the other hand materialists put fore ward convincing arguments based on scientifically testable theories i.e. Dawkins. But neither arguments yet put plenteous evidence fore ward to either prove their views or disprove that of others. Therefore the statement Religious philosophy can offer no firm evidence for a distinction between body and soul may be considered as correct, however there is not yet enough evidence to suggest that religious views of dualism cannot be true.

The meaning of life Essay Example for Free

The meaning of smell EssayDuring our brief time, spinning on this b altogether of rock, dust and water, there are questions that haunt almost every person on Earth. Why are we here? What is our declare geniusself? And, what is the meaning of our life? These questions bring been rattling around in capacious minds since the beginning of history, and will continue on until mankinds eventual extinction. Many people rich person pondered the relevance of their lives, but finding the true meaning is knowledge that is reserved only for God. Though these questions whitethorn never truly be answered, many philosophers, authors, academics and hallowed men need given this question their full attention.I will explore two of these great minds, compare their philosophies, and try my best to explain my induce lifes philosophy. His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama The first man we will argue is a world-renowned be intimater of peace and rejoicing he has had a major motion picture made hi s life and its exploits, and is actually still alive to this day. His name is Tenzin Gyatso, otherwise known as His Holiness the Dalai Lama. The reason I chose the Dalai Lama, is because of the trials and difficulties he has endured. The Chinese forced him into exile from his home in Tibet to India because of his beliefs about peace.His strengths are admir fitted and he won the Nobel Peace Prize for attempting to free the Tibetan people from Chinese rule without violence (The military post of His Holiness the Dalai Lama, n. d. ). The Dalai Lamas theory on the meaning of life stems from Buddhist religion and I will do my best to convey this wisdom in my own words. According to the Dalai Lamas philosophy on the purpose of life (n. d. ) the purpose of life is to be happy (The Office of His Holiness the Dalai Lama). That seems simple enough, right? That statement is essentially the very beginning of his writings on the meaning of life.He continues on to elaborate on how this seemingly easy task can be accomplished, and how one can attain a life of meaning by means of with(predicate) delight. The government agency that I interpreted his teachings is that, at every human macrocosms core, we are all after one thing, and that is love. Love is something we crave from a very young age and that lifes meaning is derived from love and the acts of love that we all give and receive in our day-to-day lives. I as well as believe that the Dalai Lama s meaning of life teaches individuals to be dependent by nature, and that our relationships with those whom we associate ourselves are generally based on love (The Office of His Holiness The Dalai Lama, n. d. ).His Holiness believes that we gain our lifes purpose from our interpersonal relationships. These relationships can be our colleagues at work, instructors and fellow students at school. The Dalai Lama believes that our primary dreaming in all of these relationships is to earn love. For example, at work we all sieve t o do our best in order to earn more money. However, for many of us, it is non the money we are after, but the esteem from our superiors and subordinates for a job well done.We want to feel valuable to that company, feel an importance, a cog within the great machine. I believe that deep down these feelings stem from our inborn deprivation to be loved. While love is a fundamental part of the Dalai Lamas philosophy, he as well speaks of the role compassion plays in our lives. The Dalai Lama teaches that lifes meaning can be attained through true compassion, which should be derived from reason, not emotions, and that it should never waiver regardless of whether a person is being negative or positive toward you (The Office of His Holiness the Dalai Lama, n. d).Aristotle The second philosopher we will discuss is one of the most notable to come out of the Ancient Greek Empire, Aristotle. Aristotle is to the day one of the most globally recognized philosophers, and was a student of Plato and teacher to Alexander the Great. I chose the philosopher Aristotle because his ethical beliefs are good ones to live by in order to obtain the meaning of life. His studies give off the impression that he knows the answer to the question, why? I was unfamiliar with his direct philosophies, but my research allowed the ability to understand his point of view.Aristotles works focus primarily on theoretical, practical and productive sciences. He identifies the highest good with intellectual virtue that is, a moral person is one who cultivates certain virtues based on reasoning (Internet cyclopedia of Philosophy, 2005). He was extremely knowledgeable and able to absorb enough of an understanding of these sciences to be able to interpret how life worked in a way to bring home the bacon felicity. Using his theories of practical science, Aristotle was able to establish explanations relating to the actions and conducts of individuals within society (Cohen, 2008).He could easily comprehe nd how society clicked and how the individuals within society adapted. Productive sciences are those relating to the crafts of individuals, what they produce, and how they have evolved. By using the basis of these three sciences, Aristotle was able to establish a star of ethics and rules of logic. He educated individuals throughout society to spread his beliefs and his understandings of the way of life. Aristotle used many factors when coming to an understanding about the philosophy of life.His main philosophy pertains to living one with nature and relating to society by simply being happy. He compares being happy to being Godlike however, gratification is not just being happy, but instead living a life that teaches you to be happy by living virtuously (Aristotle, 350 B. C. E). Aristotle understood the meaning of life and would live and teach with that understanding. The choices individuals would desex pertain to the ultimate goal of achieving actual delight. This happiness trig gers an unknown pleasure within an individual and essentially becomes a desire and drives one to maintain that happiness.With his education of theoretical, practical and physical sciences, Aristotle was able to make sense of it all. His beliefs of obtaining happiness were collected together by using knowledge and pure goodness. He felt as if knowledge, like happiness, needed to be learned through education and life experience. Aristotle believed that, there is nothing in the intellect that was not first in the senses, meaning that our knowledge is mainly absorbed through our experiences (Turner, 1907).To Aristotle, happiness cannot just be found one has to be able to live their lives in a virtuous way to obtain honor and the greater good. Individuals need to understand what the reality of what happiness is and how to be a rational being in order to obtain it (Internet cyclopaedia of Philosophy, 2005). His meanings and interpretations have made a authoritative influence to many and still continue to influence and educate. Both, the Dalai Lama and Aristotle share similar feelings relating to their philosophies of life.The main objective for the both of them is essentially to obtain pure happiness through compassion and pleasure. The Dalai Lama strives to use love and peace to reach this goal, where on the other hand, Aristotle uses virtue and knowledge. They imply to live a life that one would be proud of, taking the trials that life gives to you and turning them into an experience and strive towards happiness and love. My Philosophy My own lifes philosophy is probably picturesque cliche, but I firmly believe that if something makes you happy, do more of it, and that one must work to live and not live to work.I believe that if all you do is work accordingly you miss out on all of the things the world has to offer outside of whatever structured work environment you may be a part of. That is not to say that some people do not love their work and that for them their work is their purpose. I think that is what everyone should strive for, but I believe that once work takes precedence over your family, your friends, and most of all your happiness, then it threatens all youre working for. I have seen this in too many career soldiers, and unfortunately, myself.I can admit that my steadfast attention on work during my last deployment was without a doubt, a contribute factor in a failed relationship. Since that time in my life, I have become determined not to let that happen again, and to let happiness be my purpose in life. Earlier I said that if something makes you happy, do more of it. This means that if you love to sing, but cant carry a tune, then sing. If you love to work on cars, but cant find the time, make time. For me, it is making people laugh, I love to do it, and so I will Life is cruelly short, so lets all find just a little time to do what makes us happy.In comparison with the Dalai Lama, I feel that my philosophy is quite simila r. We both feel that lifes meaning is directly derived from happiness. He feels that we gain this happiness from love and those that surround us, while I feel that we have additional happiness to gain in life if we could just find the time to do the things that make us happy. I feel that my philosophy differs from his in the area of work. I believe that you must work to live and that your work should not come onward those you love, yourself or whatever it is you work for.As for Aristotles philosophy and my own, I believe that his theory on using virtue and honor to obtain happiness is very accurate. I too believe that living a life filled with honor can lead to a sense of pride that is able to coincide with being happy. I also support his opinion on happiness leading to pleasure. Being happy is like an addiction and the more happiness that you attain, the more that you strive for. However, Aristotle also believes that happiness corresponds to making decisions backed by knowledge an d experience.I somewhat disagree and believe that life experience does not necessarily have to be a main factor pertained to happiness. If you want to be happy, then just be, and live your life honestly and virtuously. The main things that I have learned from the teachings of the Dalai Lama that I would like to apply to my own life, is that happiness is the meaning of our lifes and that we should show patience and compassion towards everyone no matter what. If even 25% of the world could manage that, we would not be in the state of constant war weve been in for the past decade.I would also like to take away his capacity for love, I think his philosophy of life involving love is inspiring and makes me want to live a more peaceful, engaging life. Aristotle on the other hand, has taught me to be more open-minded to knowledge and experience. To take in an experience as a lesson learned instead of just other day on the calendar and to just appreciate every moment, good or bad, and use it to the best of your advantage. References Aristotle. (350 B. C. E). Nicomachean ethics. Trans. W. D. Ross. Retrieved from http//classics. mit. edu/Aristotle/nicomachaen. 1. i. html Cohen, M.(2008). Aristotle. Retrieved from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy http//plato. stanford. edu/entries/aristotle/ Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (2005). Aristotle (384322 BCE). Retrieved from Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy http//www. iep. utm. edu/aristotl/ The Office of His Holiness The Dalai Lama (n. d. ). A brief biography. Retrieved from http//www. dalailama. com/biography/a-brief-biography Turner, W. (1907). Aristotle. In The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved April 17, 2012 from New Advent http//www. newadvent. org/cathen/01713a. htm.